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114 - Geodesy-enabled applications
Positioning and Navigation applications depend very heavily on the definition of a reference frame where the products are defined. In particular, GPS uses WGS-84 and Galileo the Galileo Terrestrial Reference Frame (GTRF), which are both "steered" to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF).
The steering is performed by comparing suitable products and making the reference frames…
099 - Location, Tracking and Salvage support of lost shipping containers at sea
Each year 226 Million container boxes are shipped. About 1600 boxes/year (0,002%) are lost at sea. The boxes are afloat for days to weeks before they are sinking & grounding. The reasons can be traced to top-heavy container stacks (unstable), increasing bad weather (storms) by climate change and time pressure on ship crews (higher on the supply-chains after COVID). The number of boxes lost at sea…
098 - Metrics to Assess the Performance of GNSS Authentication Schemes
All 2nd Generation GNSSs are making use of Authentication (civil signal anti-spoofing). The potential spoofing attack vectors are known: Meaconing, record and replay, fake signal generation. Different Authentication schemes (system level) will be used and applied as countermeasures in addition to user related measures. However, a gap exists in the evaluation methodology of the robustness…
092 - Integrity in 5G Private Networks for Industry 4.0
5G private networks have been of interest to industrial applications, such as smart manufacturing, process automation, or logistics, supporting the Industry 4.0 revolution across all verticals. 5G private networks can deliver communications with very low and guaranteed latency and ultra-high reliability, previously only possible through wired solutions. Besides requiring ultra-reliable and…
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